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Name Train by name of Nazi victim, Germany caused fire

已有 303 次阅读2017-11-5 08:09 |个人分类:德国




Row over German high-speed train called Anne Frank

30 October 2017
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-41803131

The German rail operator Deutsche Bahn (DB) has defended its decision to name a high-speed train after the world-famous Holocaust victim Anne Frank.

Anne Frank's name is among those of 25 famous Germans chosen by a jury after a public consultation.

A German conservative MP, Iris Eberl, tweeted that it was a "tasteless" choice, as Anne Frank and other Jews had been sent by train to their deaths.

But DB spokesperson Antje Neubauer said the girl was a symbol of tolerance.

Anne Frank also represented "peaceful co-existence of different cultures, which is more important than ever in times such as this", she said.

The Diary of Anne Frank is a global bestseller, describing the Jewish girl's life in hiding with her family in Nazi-occupied Amsterdam in World War Two.

The Frank family were deported to Auschwitz death camp in 1944, and Anne died later in Bergen-Belsen concentration camp at the age of 15.

DB is state-owned and the successor of the Deutsche Reichsbahn, which deported millions of Jews and other victims of the Nazis.

Julian Reichelt, a journalist at the popular German daily Bild, tweeted: "Now DB is naming trains after victims of deportation by train, starting with Anne Frank."

The names will adorn a new generation of DB's ICE high-speed trains, set to go into service in the next two years.

Jury member Prof Gisela Mettele said there was "impressive diversity" in the many famous names suggested by the public. The ones selected, she said, "have one thing in common: they were curious about the world".

A portrait of Anne FrankImage copyrightAFP
Image captionAnne Frank and her family were sent by train to the Nazi death camp at Auschwitz in 1944

The 25 include some wartime dissidents who died resisting the Nazis: Hans and Sophie Scholl and the theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer.

There are also former German chancellors Konrad Adenauer, Ludwig Erhard and Willy Brandt, as well as philosophers Hannah Arendt and Karl Marx.

ICE trains will also be named after novelist Thomas Mann, music maestro Ludwig van Beethoven and actress and singer Marlene Dietrich.


高铁命名"安妮·弗兰克"号 德国铁路惹争议

作者 文山 05.11.2017

http://www.dw.com/zh/高铁命名安妮弗兰克号-德国铁路惹争议/a-41190650?&zhongwen=simp

爱因斯坦、贝多芬、马克思、康德……德国最新型号高铁列车ICE4即将在年底全面投入运营,它们将依据德国历史上的名人来命名。不过,其中一列车的命名,却令社会各界直摇头:它令人想起了德国铁路在纳粹时期的不光彩历史。

Berlin Vorstellung des neuen ICE 4 (picture-alliance/dpa/B. von Jutrczenka)

德国铁路ICE4高铁列车

(德国之声中文网)《安妮日记》主角安妮·弗兰克(Anne Frank)也许是全球最知名的纳粹受害者。她与家人在阿姆斯特丹藏身躲避纳粹搜捕期间,以日记的形式记录下了那段残酷的岁月。安妮一家后来被捕,她也在集中营不幸去世。战后,她的日记出版,成为畅销全球的见证纳粹暴行的读物。德国许多城市也以"安妮·弗兰克"来命名街道以及学校、图书馆等公共机构。

德国铁路公司现在将一列高铁列车命名为"安妮·弗兰克"号,显然也有着良好的动机。这一德国国资企业在一份声明中表示,这一命名的目的是纪念这名富有文学天赋、却被残忍杀害的女孩。声明还称,安妮·弗兰克现在已经成为了"各种文化和平共处的象征";德国铁路公司批判地看待自身的历史,并且意识到自己的历史责任。

然而,这一命名决定刚一揭晓,就招致众多网民的反对。批评的声音主要集中在:和许多犹太人一样,安妮·弗兰克一家也是通过铁路被押送到集中营的。法兰克福市安妮·弗兰克教育基地的负责人门德尔(Meron Mendel)就说,虽然以"安妮·弗兰克"命名一列高铁列车是一个积极的举动,但是"不应忘记,犹太人安妮·弗兰克正是通过德国帝国铁路被押送的,而帝国铁路公司正是如今德国铁路公司的前身之一。"
 

Anne Frank (picture-alliance)

安妮·弗兰克 (摄于1934年)

阿姆斯特丹的安妮·弗兰克基金会也表示,被纳粹德国杀害的安妮·弗兰克的名字,将出现在一列德国的ICE高铁列车上,这令人忧虑。基金会在声明中说,安妮和火车的组合,会令人联想起二战期间犹太人通过铁路被押运的历史;"对于那些经历过押运的人而言,这种组合是非常令人痛苦的。不过,我们也认识到,这类举动的初衷往往是良好的。"
 

铁路公司不忘收车票钱!

根据历史学家的查证,二战期间,德国帝国铁路公司负责转运了数以十万计的欧洲犹太人,大多数转运都是由货运列车来完成,一列车往往装载上千人。帝国铁路公司制订了周密的押送犹太人行车计划,甚至还不忘收取车票钱,并且制定了详尽的定价规则:每人每公里4芬尼(0.04马克),四至十岁的儿童半价,幼童免费。该公司还为装载人数超过1000人的列车提供"半价优惠"。有历史学家估算,帝国铁路公司在转运犹太人的生意中赚取了相当于今天4亿多欧元的净利润。

Auschwitz-Birkenau (picture-alliance/dpa/J. Wolf)

一节曾经被用于押运犹太人的货运车厢,如今停放在奥斯维辛集中营遗址门前,以作警示。


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