注册 登录
滑铁卢中文论坛 返回首页

风萧萧的个人空间 http://www.shuicheng.ca/bbs/?61910 [收藏] [复制] [分享] [RSS]

日志

The Story Behind China's Gold Mine-Power Plant Swap in Tajikistan

已有 374 次阅读2018-8-3 19:09 |个人分类:Belt Road 一带一路



《远方的家》 20180314 一带一路(317)塔吉克斯坦 情暖杜尚别二号火电站   CCTV

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X6PFujv0aYs

Tajikistan is a mountainous country. It is very difficult to build a national grid on the high mountains. Fllow was the photos of the difficult situation of China's technician when establishing the grid.


The Full Story Behind China's Gold Mine-Power Plant 

Swap in Tajikistan


The swap is the culmination of a longstanding agreement that began almost a decade ago.

By Dirk van der Kley April 14, 2018 

https://thediplomat.com/2018/04/the-full-story-behind-chinas-gold-mine-power-plant-swap-in-tajikistan/

In the last couple of days, it was reported that a Chinese company, TBEA, has been granted a license to operate the Upper Kumarg gold mine in northern Tajikistan in exchange for the construction of a power plant in Dushanbe. This is likely to be true. It is the culmination of a long-standing agreement that began almost a decade ago.

This article goes through the project step by step to show that this was a carefully (and slowly) negotiated deal between the company and the Tajik government. It all happened before the project was constructed. To my knowledge, there have been no other major recent resource-for-infrastructure deals between China and Tajikistan. These are not the preferred option for either side.

The power plant, Dushanbe 2, is a combined heat and power plant (CHP) which provides heat and electricity for citizens of Dushanbe. It only operates in the winter. The project, in its final form, consisted of two phases. Phase 1 (constructed in 2012-2014) installed capacity of 100 MW and phase 2 (constructed in 2014-2016) installed an additional capacity of 300 MW.

Construction of the CHP didn’t start for three years due to negotiations over funding. In 2011 TBEA Chairman Zhang Xin responded on the TBEA website to an investor’s question (the link does not always work – readers can contact the author for a cached version):The project hearkens back to 2009 when the Ministry of Energy and Industries (later called the Ministry of Energy and Water Resources) and TBEA signed a memorandum of understanding for the construction of a 200 MW coal power station in Dushanbe (as well as two other projects that never came to fruition). Even at this early stage, the MoU explicitly stated TBEA would receive access to resource deposits in return for these projects.

Regarding the initial contract for the 270MW [200MW in original MoU] thermal power station in Dushanbe signed between Tajikistan and our company, the financing and construction method for this project are currently being actively discussed with Tajikistan’s Energy Ministry [Ministry of Energy and Water].

In a September 2012 interview,  Zhang said the company would build a 100MW (smaller than the originally planned 200 MW) coal-powered CHP in Dushanbe. TBEA would front the construction costs for $178 million by borrowing directly from China Eximbank. In return, the Tajik government would grant TBEA rights to explore and develop gold deposits at the Eastern Duoba mine and the Upper Kumarg mine (the one reported on in the last few days). This would become phase 1 of the project.

At some point during the negotiation process, the Tajik Government sought to borrow money directly from international concessional loan providers, presumably including China Eximbank. But that was to no avail. Tajik Minister of Energy and Water Resources Usmonali Usmonov said: “It has practically been impossible to attract funds from international financial institutions for construction of the Dushanbe-2 CHP plant…..When the project is not designed for the year-round operation, it cannot be efficient, and therefore, nobody wants to finance such projects.”

Phase 2 was funded under a different arrangement. Eximbank directly issued $331 million to the Tajik Government – to be paid back through regular government-to-government loan repayments. Neither Eximbank nor the Tajik government has publicly explained why they agreed to loan directly to the Tajik government for phase 2 of the project but not phase 1. One very plausible explanation is that political pressure was applied before Xi Jinping’s visit to Tajikistan for the SCO Leader’s summit in September 2014. The contract for phase 2 was signed at the summit.

Both phases have now been completed, and the Tajik government needs to start paying up. In 2014, TBEA was granted licences to explore these deposits. It seems TBEA has now been granted full mining licences for both mines.

According to TBEA Chairman Zhang Xin, the Tajik government also agreed to give TBEA the rights to further mining deposits (the location was not identified) if the profit made from the gold deposits doesn’t cover the cost of building the power plants.

The Tajik government will in the future have to pay back the $331 million to Eximbank – through normal repayment channels. This is a highly concessional loan.

The second phase of the project shows a far more common Chinese approach to loans in Tajikistan. In fact the vast majority, if not all, government-to-government loans between China and Tajikistan have been conducted in this way. All indications are that this will continue to be the case.

Dirk van der Kley is a Research Fellow at Narxoz University and a PhD Candidate at the Australian National University.


China completes $350 million power plant in Tajikistan's capital Dushanbe


Tebian Electric Apparatus (TBEA) began building the coal-powered plant in 2013 and received the rights to a gold mine in the north of the Central Asian country to offset the cost of the investment
DushanbeTajikistan: A Chinese firm has completed a power plant worth $350 million in Tajikistan's capital Dushanbe, the ex-Soviet country said Thursday, indicating Beijing's growing economic dominance in the cash-strapped state.

Tebian Electric Apparatus (TBEA) began building the coal-powered plant in 2013 and received the rights to a gold mine in the north of the Central Asian country to offset the cost of the investment.

TBEA also built a 325-kilometre, $400 million electrical transmission line across Tajikistan in 2009.

It is one of several Chinese companies active in Tajikistan, where China's Exim Bank holds around half of all foreign debt.

Beijing has also invested heavily in minerals and transport links in its neighbour that endured a bitter civil war from 1992 to 1995.

The investments are in line with China's "One Road, One Belt" initiative to ramp up Beijing's westerly trade across Eurasia with strategic investments in infrastructure.

Tajikistan: Chinese company gets gold mine in return for power plant


TBEA contributed most of the $349 million it cost to build a power plant in Dushanbe.

A company from China has reportedly been granted a license to operate a gold mine in Tajikistan in exchange for building a power plant free of charge in the country’s capital.

Asia-Plus newspaper reported on April 11, citing an unnamed official with the State Geology Department, that Xinjiang-based TBEA has received the concession to develop the Upper Kumarg mine in the Sughd region in northern Tajikistan. The company was previously given the concession for the Eastern Duoba mine.

The newspaper’s source said that the mining license was granted as remuneration for the funds TBEA spent on building the 400-megawatt Dushanbe TETs-2 power plant. Work on that thermal power plant was completed in December 2016 at a total cost of $349 million. Of that overall budget, around $17.4 million were provided by the Tajik government.

The arrangement described to Asia-Plus is that TBEA will work on the gold deposits as long as it takes to recoup its outlay.

“Afterward, the company plans to reach new deals on the management of these mines, but on different terms,” Asia-Plus said in its report, citing its unnamed source.

The quid quo pro deal may elicit some anxiety about how Tajikistan intends ultimately to deal with the rest of its considerable debts before Chinese creditors. The country’s external debt at the start of the year stood at $2.9 billion. Of that total, $1.2 billion is owed to the state-run Export-Import Bank of China, or Exim Bank.

Much of the money borrowed from China has gone toward building basic infrastructure like roads and tunnels, but some of the spending appears less than obviously indispensable.

When President Emomali Rahmon visited Beijing in September, he returned bearing $310 million in grants and loans. The bulk of that sum — around $230 million — is being spent on a new parliament complex in central Dushanbe.

In 2011, Tajikistan’s parliament voted to ratify an agreement to cede around 1,000 square kilometers of land to China in exchange for the waiving of a large outstanding debt running into the hundreds of millions of dollars.

The gold mining concession has now proven another way in which to pay off liabilities. A billion or so dollars can buy a lot more than that, however.

特变电工塔吉克斯坦建火电站换金矿

时间:[2012-09-29 ] 信息来源:证券时报

http://www.cec.org.cn/guojidianli/2012-09-29/91744.html

  以资源换项目的创新合作方式成为了特变电工开拓国际市场,获取境外资源的一大利器。

  特变电工今日公告,公司拟由特变电工杜尚别矿业有限公司为主体,以资源换项目方式建设塔吉克斯坦杜尚别2*5万千瓦火电站一期工程项目,塔吉克斯坦政府授予矿业公司金矿开采权利并给予矿业公司生产经营过程中相关税收减免,矿业公司金矿开采所获得的收益用于抵偿火电站建设成本1.78亿美元(折合人民币约11.2亿元),可实现净利14.64亿元。

  特变电工董事长张新在接受证券时报记者采访时表示:“该金矿预测储量很大,如果资源量能够全面落实,将为公司带来较大的经济效益。”

  张新介绍:“资源换项目是近年来特变电工加快推进国际市场开拓的喜人成果,以往公司承建的塔吉克斯坦系列国际电力成套项目赢得了塔吉克斯坦政府和民众高度评价。现在,塔吉克斯坦又提出让特变电工为其建设2*5万千瓦火电站及相关设施,以保证给首都供热供电。作为建设交换条件,塔吉克斯坦用其最好的资源换取火电站的建设,即东杜奥巴金矿及东杜奥巴侧翼、上库马尔克金矿,矿区面积15.4平方公里。”

  据了解,三个金矿点已探明的储量是51.7吨,有待勘查的储量是117.16吨。根据东杜奥巴金矿、东杜奥巴侧翼、上库马尔克金矿C1+C2储量51.75吨,分别按金价300元/克、350元/克测算,全部金矿预计实现净利润分别为14.81亿元、22.09亿元,抵偿杜尚别火电站建设费用后,全部金矿可实现净利润3.68亿元、10.96亿元。

  对于该项目的开发价值,张新表示:“前苏联早已对该矿区做过普查,除去已探明的储量外,近期,根据我们聘请的专业公司的布钻和勘查,已经在周围找出了新的金矿资源,前景储量极有可能成为特大型金矿。”

  张新说,该项目待股东大会批准后即可投入建设,东杜奥巴金矿建设期两年,上库马尔克金矿117吨黄金储量在3~5年里全部勘查完,并将持续开发。

  根据特变电工的预算,杜尚别火电站在承建过程中可带动公司变压器、电缆及开关等产品销售,还可实现EPC工程效益(收益率不低于10%)。特变电工预测,根据塔吉克斯坦所提供的资源储量预计矿业公司所获金矿资源可以抵偿火电站建设成本费用,若金矿不足以抵偿火电站建设成本时,塔吉克斯坦将给予公司新矿补偿。公司可以通过火电站项目EPC建设获得良好的收益。

  张新表示:“近年来,特变电工以输变电成套工程核心产品以及集成技术优势,在吉尔吉斯斯坦、赞比亚、埃塞俄比亚等国已获得了大量国际成套建设项目,这些项目大多是政府之间的合作项目,在今年年底及明年将全部完工。这些项目又带动和促进了特变电工在其它资源领域合作的可能,塔吉克斯坦金矿项目就是特变电工在境外获取资源的有益尝试,有利于公司在塔吉克斯坦后续输变电成套工程项目的获取。”

中企助力塔吉克斯坦建设电力“生命线”


本报赴塔吉克斯坦特派记者  谢亚宏

2016年08月10日08:58  来源:人民网-人民日报 


  由中国新疆特变电工股份有限公司承建的杜尚别2号热电厂二期工程现场。
  本报记者 谢亚宏摄

  塔吉克斯坦首都杜尚别坐落在群山之中,是一座美丽的城市。城市郊区,崭新的杜尚别2号热电厂二期工程正拔地而起,工程完工后将向整个杜尚别市区供电,堪称整个城市的“生命线”。这座该国最大的热电厂,正是中塔两国国际产能合作的结晶。

  塔吉克斯坦虽然资源丰富,但由于基础设施落后,一直受到电力短缺的困扰。此前塔吉克斯坦主要依靠境内的水电站发电,但一到冬季枯水期,全国限电停暖是家常便饭,即使是首都杜尚别每天也只能供电4小时,居民只能自行生火取暖。电力短缺制约着塔吉克斯坦经济社会发展,兴建发电厂成为塔政府当务之急。在中塔两国政府的直接推动下,塔吉克斯坦能源部与中国新疆特变电工股份有限公司(以下简称特变电工)签订了建设杜尚别2号热电厂的合同,并于2012年10月正式动工。

  实际上,特变电工在塔吉克斯坦深耕已久,建设热电厂之前已经在塔吉克斯坦完成了500千伏南北高压输变电线项目建设等重要工程,与塔方建立了良好的合作与互信关系。为了使杜尚别2号热电厂工程早日竣工,千余名中国技术人员和工人克服各种艰苦条件,一期两台机组于2014年初和年中分别成功启动,比合同工期提前了半年,为改善杜尚别市民用电条件作出了突出贡献。目前,热电厂正在进行二期建设,预计将于今年年底完工。二期工程完成后,全年总发电量将达22亿度,可解决整个塔吉克斯坦电力缺口的60%,同时提供430万平方米采暖面积,覆盖杜尚别70%的供热面积。

  走进热电厂,冷却塔与高压线塔便映入眼帘,在蓝天白云的映衬下散发出工业美学的魅力。特变电工工程负责人肖志指着路边一排装置告诉本报记者,中方在施工过程中采用了世界先进的电袋除尘和湿法脱硫技术,除尘和脱硫率能达到99.95%和95%,完全符合国际标准,而且污染物的排放全程实时监测,有效地保护了当地环境。此外,热电厂输送电力所使用的220千伏双回路输电线路可以减少电能损耗;发电过程中产生的灰渣经处理能循环再利用,为工厂创造了额外经济效益。

  对这一推动塔吉克斯坦经济发展、造福民生的重要工程,中塔两国领导人均给予高度关注。2014年9月,习近平主席在对塔吉克斯坦进行国事访问期间,与塔吉克斯坦总统拉赫蒙共同出席了杜尚别2号热电厂一期工程竣工点火暨二期工程开工奠基仪式。习近平主席表示,杜尚别2号热电厂是中塔务实合作的标志性项目,是两国人民友谊的象征。拉赫蒙总统则称赞杜尚别2号热电厂提高了塔方能源自给能力,是塔中高水平合作的典范。

  该工程也得到了塔吉克斯坦民众的高度认可。卡西莫夫原来是塔吉克斯坦能源部的一名电力专家,退休后,他选择来到特变电工驻塔办事处继续发挥余热。卡西莫夫对本报记者表示,中方在热电厂建设过程中分批派塔方人员赴西安学习深造,目前已经培养了一批优秀的电力人才,对热电厂能拥有这批接班人他感到十分欣慰。他深情地说:“我与中国朋友共同见证了这座热电厂的建设,他们在工作中所展现出来的专业素质以及厂内设备的先进程度都让我印象深刻。现在,电厂一直运转良好,我们在冬天也不再害怕寒冷,24小时都可以用上电,这都是中国朋友的功劳,我和杜尚别市民都十分感谢你们的帮助!”

  特变电工驻塔办事处主任王健告诉本报记者,杜尚别2号热电厂在建设过程中得到了当地人民的认可和大力支持,中国建设者对此深表感激。此外,企业也十分荣幸能够在丝绸之路经济带建设和国际产能合作中贡献出自己的一份力量。在未来,特变电工将认真完成杜尚别2号热电厂二期及其他项目,继续为中塔两国人民之间的友谊添砖加瓦。

  (本报杜尚别电) 


特变电工总承包的500kV输变电工程提前一年正式投运


——塔吉克斯坦500kV超高压输变电工程采用当代先进的自动化、信息化、智能化技术,节电达14%,线路的建设达到了国内外先进水平 


天山网 2009年09月09日 15:34:00    

http://news.ts.cn/content/2009-09/09/content_4449550.htm 

 


天山网讯(记者苏清霞报道)9月8日,塔吉克高原处处充满喜悦,塔吉克斯坦首都杜尚别500千伏变电站,到处洋溢着节日的气氛,当地群众身着传统的节日盛装,载歌载舞,来庆祝象征着中塔友谊的500kV输变电工程提前一年正式投运,来庆祝塔吉克从此有了自己国家的电力大动脉。


塔吉克斯坦500kV输变电工程包括杜尚别变电站、胡占德变电站、列加尔扩建间隔以及从列加尔至胡占德的线路,全线268公里,线路从南部向北部延伸,翻越塔吉克北部最高的安佐布大阪和沙赫里斯坦大阪,海拔达3700米以上,地质条件恶劣,施工难度极其巨大。修通这条主干线,建设塔国自己的电力大动脉成了这一高原民族世代的梦想。这条500kV线路是塔国电网的主干线,将塔吉克斯坦南部与北部电网相连接,成为塔国南北电力通道。特变电工在塔吉克斯坦500kV超高压输变电工程中采用了当代先进的自动化、信息化、智能化技术,节电达14%,线路的建设达到了国内外先进水平。


塔吉克斯坦500kV输变电工程的建成将有效提高送电效率,缓解塔国南部冬季枯水期用电紧张的问题,为塔吉克人民带来无限光明,并且能够将电输送到周边国家,拉动塔吉克斯坦的经济发展。塔吉克斯坦500kV输变电工程的建成不仅为塔吉克国家以及其人民带来光明和福祉,也书写了中国输变电工程史上辉煌的一笔。同时作为塔吉克斯坦第一个在中国政府优惠贷款项下竣工的重大工程,传递着中国人民与塔国人民的世代友好情义。

塔吉克斯坦国杜尚别500kV输变电工程 

发布日期:2017-11-29
http://hngc.powerchina.cn/art/2017/11/29/art_2434_94371.html

 

杜尚别500千伏变电站是塔吉克斯坦电网500千伏南北输变电项目的一部分,是上合组织框架内利用中国政府优惠买方信贷最大的项目工程,是中国输变电企业迄今为止承揽国外500千伏最高的合作工程,也是中塔两国构建21世纪战略合作伙伴关系的重要载体,深受两国政府和国家领导人的高度重视。工程于2008年5月30日开工,2009年8月15日竣工。杜尚别500千伏变电站接入电网后实现目前处于相互分离的塔吉克南、北两大电网的连接,提高了塔吉克斯坦全国电网的可靠性,为实现塔吉克斯坦政府“水电兴国”的国家战略方针具有十分重要的意义。

塔吉克斯坦列加尔-杜尚别-胡占德500kV南北输变电工程竣工

http://www.tbea.com/cs/Satellite?c=Page&cid=1467896775797&pagename=TBEA_CN%2FPage%2FTemplate%2FSolutionAndProduct%2FPTAT

 2009 年11月29日,特变电工承建的塔吉克斯坦列加尔-杜尚别-胡占德500kV南北输变电工程竣工,提前一年成功投运。该工程是一条高海拔、高寒地区,地质复杂的工程,特变电工在该项目中采用节能技术,降低了线路损耗14%,采用变压器节能技术和无人值守的智能变电站技术,并荣获中国建筑类最高奖“鲁班奖”。

        该项目是塔国“水电兴国”的重点电力建设项目之一,连接了塔国南北电网,构建了塔国电网主干线,使塔国南部的电能历史性地首次输送到北方,极大缓解了北方冬季电力供应严重不足的现状。

新疆特变电工助力吉尔吉斯斯坦实现电力自主供应- 壹读

发布时间: 2017-03-15 16:35:59
来源:新疆新闻网 作者:古丽米娜
http://www.siluxgc.com/jejsst/kgStar/20170315/1007.html

”只有不断地提升产品使用价值,获得受众发自内心的认可,成为技术的引领者,才能使中国企业成为友谊使者。”特变电工股份有限公司党委书记、董事长张新近日表示,企业必须以创造价值为走出去的出发点。

塔吉克斯坦杜尚别2号火箭全景图

来自新疆的“光明使者”

“前阵子在热电厂竣工现场,拉赫蒙总统希望我们再干几年,我说,我们特变电工会把根扎下去,成为塔吉克人民的一员,一起建立美丽的塔吉克斯坦。”张新在杜尚别首都热电厂竣工投产仪式上,曾为当地百姓做出这样的承诺。

2016 年底竣工的塔吉克斯坦杜尚别首都热电厂以每年22 亿千瓦时的年总发电量,保障杜尚别地区 70 万居民冬季大部分电力供应和取暖需求。仅用 18 个月完成的二期工程已让杜尚别区市民享受到科技带来的温暖。

2006 年上合组织上海峰会上,特变电工与塔吉克斯坦签订 220 千伏—500 千伏南北输变电线路及变电站成套项目总承包合同。这项工程采用绿色科技、节能环保、信息化无人值守的新型输变电技术,实现塔吉克斯坦国家南北电网互通及电力调度,每年节省1.8亿度电能,荣获了中国境外工程“鲁班奖”。

特变电工在塔吉克斯坦的工程荣获了中国境外工程“鲁班奖”。

“我们按照新的标准输送给他们,将塔吉克斯坦电网损耗从 14% 降低到 4%,相当于降低10 个百分点,技术带来能源节省。”张新说,能源是国家经济发展的命脉,绿色环保的工艺技术让塔吉克斯坦以稳定的电力,加快经济发展的步伐。

助力吉尔吉斯斯坦实现电力供应独立自主

特变电工为吉尔吉斯斯坦实现了电力供应独立自主。2012 年,特变电工与吉尔吉斯斯坦签订达特卡—克明 500 千伏输变电工程,于次年实现竣工,推动吉尔吉斯斯坦水电兴国及民生改善。

除了中亚国家以外,特变电工还围绕“孟中印缅经济走廊”、“中蒙俄经济走廊”、“中巴经济走廊”以及非洲“三网一化”建设,参与印度、孟加拉、蒙古、巴基斯坦、安哥拉、坦桑尼亚等国家的电力规划,电源、电网建设,提供从勘测到设计、施工、安装、调试,到培训、运营、维护一体化的交钥匙工程及系统解决方案,以绿色高效电源电网建设,为进一步推动区域互联互通,打造全球能源互联网奠定坚实基础。

依托在输变电产品自主研制世界领先的比较优势,特变电工经历由制造业到向制造服务业,由国内向国际,由单机制造向系统集成、再到中国电力标准全面输出的转变。

特变电工的高新技术产品和涵盖电网、电源建设的成套项目总承包服务的输出带动中国技术、制造、劳务、装备等方面的全面输出,实现了由中国制造到中国创造,由装备中国向装备世界的新跨越。

张新表示,特变电工需要从各国融合发展、和谐发展、共赢发展等方面去实践能源合作,用先进的技术、产品和服务理念,为中亚国家的电力行业带来升级,这也是特变电工合作的出发点。

m



路过

雷人

握手

鲜花

鸡蛋

评论 (0 个评论)

facelist

您需要登录后才可以评论 登录 | 注册

法律申明|用户条约|隐私声明|小黑屋|手机版|联系我们|www.kwcg.ca

GMT-5, 2024-4-27 15:09 , Processed in 0.014268 second(s), 17 queries , Gzip On.

Powered by Discuz! X3.4

© 2001-2021 Comsenz Inc.  

返回顶部