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The Wolves of K Street: The Secret History of How Big Money Took Over Big Govern

已有 214 次阅读2024-7-17 13:56 |个人分类:美国

K 街之狼:大金钱如何接管大政府的秘密历史

https://bookshop.org/p/books/the-wolves-of-k-street-the-secret-history-of-how-big-money-took-over-big-government-luke-mullins/20712498?ean=

布罗迪·马林斯 (作者) 卢克·马林斯,布罗迪·马林斯是《华尔街日报》华盛顿特区分社的调查记者,他领导的团队获得了 2023 年普利策调查报道奖。卢克·马林斯是《政治报》杂志的特约撰稿人,他报道控制华盛顿权力杠杆的人物和机构。

描述
《K 街之狼》是一部叙事性非虚构作品的杰作,它描绘了华盛顿 50 年来企业影响力的令人眼花缭乱和愤怒的画面——戏剧性十足,时机把握得恰到好处,揭露真相具有爆炸性,绝对让人爱不释手。

20 世纪 70 年代,华盛顿的权力中心开始从大理石大楼里的民选官员转移到少数精明、薪酬丰厚、不对任何固定选民负责的经营者。有影响力的国会议员的儿子,有喜欢现代艺术的著名政治掮客,有水门事件时期的肮脏骗子,有这座城市最受欢迎的鸡尾酒会主持人——这些人现在管理着华盛顿。

四十年来,他们不断探索新方法,将客户的资金转化为政治筹码,放弃了在烟雾缭绕的房间里进行利益交易,转而采用越来越复杂的策略,例如“影子游说”,即地下活动引发看似自然的公众抗议,迫使立法者采取行动,最终受益的是企业利益,而不是普通民众。这些游说集团动用了数十亿美元,在华盛顿确立了一种亲商共识,将指导该国的政治领导人——无论是民主党还是共和党。一个好的游说者可以代写一项法案,甚至秘密否决一项得到总统、参众两院和大多数美国人支持的立法。

然而,没有什么是永恒的。在民粹主义者对这些权钱交易者助长不平等加剧的强烈反对中,华盛顿特区的亲商联盟突然开始瓦解。尽管游说机构会继续发明影响华盛顿的新方法,但建造 K 街的人很快就会发现自己受到法律审查,濒临财务崩溃,甚至更糟。一个人会死在一家高级高尔夫俱乐部的第 18 个果岭后面,脚下放着一瓶价值 1,500 美元的葡萄酒,头上中了一颗子弹。

评论

“引人入胜……文笔流畅,研究细致,《K 街之狼》信息丰富,令人着迷。”
——《卫报》
“如果你想了解美国民主是如何脱轨的,你需要做的就是读这本书。”
——克里斯托弗·伦纳德,《纽约时报》畅销书《轻松赚钱之王》的作者
“这是一个生动、精彩的故事,像小说一样展开,这是你将读到的对华盛顿沼泽最有力的描绘。”
--Ken Auletta,纽约时报畅销书《Googled》的作者
“无论你认为华盛顿的游说行业有多么邪恶,Brody 和 Luke Mullins 都有消息:情况更糟。即使在咆哮的二十年代和镀金时代,美国企业也没有拥有如此大的影响力。在他们深入报道、引人入胜的新书中,Mullins 兄弟追踪了这种情况是如何发生的,以及灾难性的后果。”
--Susan Page,纽约时报畅销书《女族长》的作者
“快节奏深入探究一个贪婪和野心的世界,这个世界居住着一群独特而迷人的投机者和经销商。《K 街之狼》不仅讲述了金钱和权力如何影响美国政治,还讲述了游说者的工作如何影响每个美国人的生活。”
--凯特·安德森·布劳尔,《纽约时报》畅销书《住所》的作者
“这本书是企业说客如何接管华盛顿的权威历史。马林斯兄弟为我们讲述了华盛顿的真实运作方式——以及为谁运作的故事。”
--乔纳森·马丁,《纽约时报》畅销书《这不会过去》的合著者
“现代美国政治中最令人惊奇的发展之一是唐纳德·特朗普的共和党似乎已经取代了罗斯福的民主党,成为‘工人阶级’的政治家园。……任何想了解这种转变的人都应该读一读布罗迪和卢克·马林斯的新书。”
--《华盛顿自由灯塔》
“一种不那么令人内疚的乐趣……马林斯兄弟巧妙地将他们的故事设置成一个谜团……具有相当的叙事技巧和小说般的细节。”
--詹姆斯·B·斯图尔特,《纽约时报》
“一部即时经典——深入报道,有力讲述,意义深远。这是我多年来读过的关于华盛顿的最好的书之一。”
--彼得·贝克,《纽约时报》畅销书《掌管华盛顿的人》(X)的作者
“引人入胜……这就是深层政府。”
--Fr

anklin Foer,《大西洋月刊》
《K 街之狼》评论:游说如何吞噬华盛顿

https://www.theguardian.com/books/article/2024/may/04/wolves-k-street-review-political-lobbying

布罗迪和卢克·马林斯提供了详尽、生动、令人着迷的美国政治最大企业的编年史

劳埃德·格林 2024 年 5 月 4 日

保罗·马纳福特、罗杰·斯通和李·阿特沃特作为年轻的政治人物,开始了他们的游说生涯。照片:华盛顿邮报/盖蒂图片社
唐纳德·特朗普谴责了众所周知的华盛顿沼泽。国会几乎什么也没做。乐队继续演奏:游说仍然是一项大生意。2023 年,该行业的收入达到 43 亿美元。今年这一趋势看不到尽头。随着美国飞速走向另一场选举,《K 街之狼》正适合这个季节。

《华尔街日报》调查记者、普利策奖得主布罗迪·马林斯和他的兄弟、《政治报》撰稿人卢克·马林斯在研究生研讨会上就游说活动如何出现并发展成为一股庞然大物、政府附属机构这一主题进行了探讨,该活动的名称取自白宫北边的一条街道,许多游说活动的最大收入者都住在那里。

《K 街之狼》文笔流畅,研究细致,内容丰富,引人入胜。

“这本书是关于建造 K 街的人——几乎全部都是男性——的书,”布罗迪和卢克·马林斯写道。

他们创作了一本内容严谨、长达 600 多页的巨作,以真实犯罪故事开篇。大型制药公司的说客埃文·莫里斯的自杀成为焦点。在这本书的开篇,2015 年 7 月一个温暖的夜晚,在弗吉尼亚州一家豪华高尔夫俱乐部,38 岁的莫里斯举枪自杀。

莫里斯死前看似田园诗般的场景,其实是一幅奢侈的画面,包括 15 万美元的入会费、一辆被遗弃的保时捷、一瓶价值 1,500 美元的波尔多酒和美丽的日落。

数百万美元的公司资金丢失且未缴税。一封匿名信和联邦调查局的调查促成了莫里斯过早而暴力的死亡。

“这些指控引发了一场持续多年的案件,”马林斯兄弟写道。

莫里斯的妻子和遗产与基因泰克、他的雇主、美国国税局和弗吉尼亚州达成和解。政府从未指控任何人犯罪。死亡造成了损失。

《K 街之狼》不仅仅是关于一个人的故事。这是一个引人入胜的教训,讲述了午餐桶的敏感性以及大企业与新政之间的妥协如何让位于新自由主义、企业激进主义和产业工会的衰落。

民主党,仅举美国生活的一个重要组成部分,将再也不会像以前一样了。马林斯兄弟敏锐地意识到冲击和推动美国政治的社会力量。他们回忆起 1980 年吉米·卡特被罗纳德·里根击败的情景,这让罗斯福、杜鲁门和肯尼迪的政党不禁疑惑,为什么它不再是美国工人阶级的政治家园。民主党人至今仍感到疑惑。

《K 街之狼》追溯了美国如何走到这一步,以及游说如何达到目前的地位,通过“三个游说王朝——一个共和党王朝,两个民主党王朝——从 20 世纪 70 年代到今天的关键时期,现代游说行业诞生,企业利益在华盛顿掌权,我们的经济性质发生了根本性变化”。

已故的汤米·博格斯是黑尔·博格斯的儿子,曾是民主党众议院多数党领袖,他是民主党游说的元老和先驱。他的名字后来出现在 Patton, Boggs and Blow 律师事务所,这是一家历史悠久的华盛顿特区律师事务所,现已被 Squire Patton Boggs 律师事务所收购,后者是一家名义上总部设在俄亥俄州的庞大全球实体。Evan Morris 是 Boggs 的“得意门生”——或者说是使徒。

接下来是共和党人:Charlie Black、Paul Manafort、Roger Stone 和已故的 Lee Atwater,后者负责管理 1988 年乔治·H·W·布什的总统竞选活动。

“[他们] 利用与里根革命的联系,建立了华盛顿标志性的共和党游说机构,”Mullins 写道。“合伙公司的每个成员都有自己独特的角色。”

他们共同弥合了角落办公室和保守派活动家之间的鸿沟。此外,唐纳德·特朗普是 Black, Manafort and Stone 的客户。Stone 帮助这位房地产大亨的已故妹妹 Maryanne Trump Barry 登上了联邦法官的宝座。

正是这段历史,才让马纳福特和斯通成为特朗普 2016 年总统竞选活动的一部分;才让两人在调查俄罗斯试图帮助特朗普时落入特别检察官的网中;才让两人在特朗普离任前获得总统赦免;才让两人在特朗普再次竞选总统时再次卷土重来。

托尼·波德斯塔是民主党白宫资深人士约翰·波德斯塔的兄弟,他是布罗迪和卢克·马林斯研究的第三个游说王朝的基石。卢克·马林斯是一位“前卫的政治掮客,他利用自己作为一名铁腕自由派活动家的经验来推进沃尔的利益”。

The Wolves of K Street: The Secret History of How Big Money Took Over Big Government

https://bookshop.org/p/books/the-wolves-of-k-street-the-secret-history-of-how-big-money-took-over-big-government-luke-mullins/20712498?ean=9781982120597 

Brody Mullins (Author)  Luke MullinsBrody Mullins is an investigative reporter in the Washington, DC, bureau of The Wall Street Journal, where he led the team that won the 2023 Pulitzer Prize for Investigative Reporting. Luke Mullins is a contributing writer at Politico magazine, where he covers the people and institutions that control Washington's levers of power.


Description
A dazzling and infuriating portrait of fifty years of corporate influence in Washington, The Wolves of K Street is a masterpiece of narrative nonfiction--irresistibly dramatic, spectacularly timely, explosive in its revelations, and absolutely impossible to put down.


In the 1970s, Washington's center of power began to shift away from elected officials in big marble buildings to a handful of savvy, handsomely paid operators who didn't answer to any fixed constituency. The cigar-chomping son of an influential congressman, an illustrious political fixer with a weakness for modern art, a Watergate-era dirty trickster, the city's favorite cocktail party host--these were the sort of men who now ran Washington.


Over four decades, they'd chart new ways to turn their clients' cash into political leverage, abandoning favor-trading in smoke-filled rooms for increasingly sophisticated tactics, such as "shadow lobbying," where underground campaigns sparked seemingly organic public outcries to pressure lawmakers into taking actions that would ultimately benefit corporate interests rather than ordinary citizens. With billions of dollars at play, these lobbying dynasties enshrined in Washington a pro-business consensus that would guide the country's political leaders--Democrats and Republicans alike. A good lobbyist could ghostwrite a bill or even secretly kill a piece of legislation supported by the president, both houses of Congress, and a majority of Americans.

Yet nothing lasts forever. Amid a populist backlash to the soaring inequality these influence peddlers helped usher in, DC's pro-business alliance suddenly began to fray. And while the lobbying establishment would continue to invent new ways to influence Washington, the men who'd built K Street would soon find themselves under legal scrutiny, on the verge of financial collapse, or worse. One would turn up dead behind the eighteenth green of an exclusive golf club, with a $1,500 bottle of wine at his feet and a bullet his head.

Reviews
"Engrossing.... Smoothly written, meticulously researched, The Wolves of K Street informs and mesmerizes."
--The Guardian
"If you want to understand how American democracy went off the rails, all you need to do is read this book."
--Christopher Leonard, New York Times bestselling author of The Lords of Easy Money
"A vivid, brilliantly told tale that unfolds like a novel, this is the most potent portrait of the Washington swamp you will read."
--Ken Auletta, New York Times bestselling author of Googled
"However nefarious you think the lobbying industry is in Washington, Brody and Luke Mullins have news: It's worse. Not even during the Roaring Twenties and the Gilded Age did corporate American wield so much influence. In their deeply reported, compelling new book, the Mullins brothers track how that happened, and the disastrous consequences."
--Susan Page, New York Times bestselling author of The Matriarch
"A fast-paced deep dive into a world of greed and ambition, inhabited by a uniquely fascinating group of wheelers and dealers. The Wolves of K Street is a history of not only how money and power have influenced American politics, but how the work of lobbyists touches the lives of every American."
--Kate Andersen Brower, New York Times bestselling author of The Residence
"This is nothing less than the definitive history of how corporate lobbyists took over Washington. The Mullins brothers have brought us the story of how Washington really works--and for whom."
--Jonathan Martin, New York Times bestselling coauthor of This Will Not Pass
"One of the most amazing developments in modern American politics is how Donald Trump's Republican Party seems to have supplanted FDR's Democratic Party as the political home of the 'working man.' ... Anyone who wants to understand this transformation should read Brody and Luke Mullins's new book."
--The Washington Free Beacon
"A not-so-guilty pleasure.... The Mullins brothers cleverly set up their story as a mystery... with considerable narrative skill and novelistic detail."
--James B. Stewart, The New York Times
"An instant classic--deeply reported, powerfully told and profoundly important. It's one of the best books I've read on Washington in many years."
--Peter Baker, New York Times bestselling author of The Man Who Ran Washington (on X)
"Absorbing.... This is the deep state."
--Franklin Foer, The Atlantic

The Wolves of K Street review: how lobbying swallowed Washington

https://www.theguardian.com/books/article/2024/may/04/wolves-k-street-review-political-lobbying 

Brody and Luke Mullins offer an exhaustive, telling, mesmerising chronicle of the biggest business in US politics


Donald Trump decries the proverbial Washington swamp. Congress does next to nothing. The band plays on: lobbying remains big business. In 2023, the industry hit a $4.3bn payday. This year shows no end in sight to the trend. As the US gallops toward another election, The Wolves of K Street befits the season.

Brody Mullins, a Wall Street Journal investigative reporter and Pulitzer prize winner, and his brother, Luke Mullins, a contributor at Politico, deliver a graduate seminar on how lobbying emerged and became a behemoth, an adjunct of government itself, taking its collective name from the street north of the White House where many of its biggest earners sit.

Smoothly written, meticulously researched, The Wolves of K Street informs and mesmerizes.

“This is a book about men – for they were almost exclusively men – who built K Street,” Brody and Luke Mullins write.

They have produced a tightly stitched, 600-plus-page tome that begins as a true-crime story. The suicide of Evan Morris, a lobbyist for big pharma, takes center stage. In the opening scene of the book, at a posh Virginia golf club on a balmy evening in July 2015, Morris, 38, turns a gun on himself.

The seemingly almost idyllic backdrop to his death is actually a tableau of excess, complete with $150,000 initiation fees, an abandoned Porsche, an emptied bottle of $1,500 bordeaux and a scenic sunset.

Millions of corporate dollars were missing and untaxed. An anonymous letter and an FBI investigation helped ignite Morris’s untimely and violent end.

“The allegations would touch off a years-long case,” the brothers Mullins write.

Morris’s wife and estate settled with Genentech, his employer, the Internal Revenue Service and the commonwealth of Virginia. The government never charged anyone with a crime. Death had taken its toll.

The Wolves of K Street is about way more than just one man. It is an engrossing lesson in how lunch-bucket sensibilities and the accommodation between big business and the New Deal gave way to neoliberalism, corporate activism and the decline of industrial unions.

The Democratic party, to name just one major part of American life, would never be the same again. The Mullins brothers are keenly aware of the social forces that buffet and drive US politics. They recall how Jimmy Carter’s defeat by Ronald Reagan in 1980 left the party of FDR, Truman and JFK to wonder how it was no longer the political home of working-class America. Democrats wonder to this day.

The Wolves of K Street traces how the US reached this point, and lobbying attained its present stature, by following “three lobbying dynasties – one Republican, two Democratic – over the critical period from the 1970s to today, when the modern lobbying industry was created, corporate interests came to power in Washington, and the nature of our economy was fundamentally changed”.

The late Tommy Boggs, son of Hale Boggs, once a Democratic House majority leader, stands out as the patriarch and pioneer of Democratic lobbying. His name came to grace Patton, Boggs and Blow, a storied DC law firm now subsumed in Squire Patton Boggs, a sprawling global entity nominally based in Ohio. Evan Morris stood out as Boggs’s “prized pupil” – or apostle.

Next came the Republicans: Charlie Black, Paul Manafort, Roger Stone and the late Lee Atwater, who would manage the 1988 presidential campaign of George HW Bush.

“[They] used their links to the Reagan revolution to erect Washington’s signature GOP house of lobbying,” the Mullins write. “Each member of the partnership had his own distinct role.”

Together, they bridged the gap between corner offices and the universe of conservative activists. Furthermore, Donald Trump was a client of Black, Manafort and Stone. Stone helped boost Maryanne Trump Barry, the property magnate’s late sister, on to the federal bench.

That history is why Manafort and Stone emerged as part of Trump’s presidential campaign in 2016; why the pair were caught in the special counsel’s net when it came time to investigate Russia’s attempts to help Trump; why they received presidential pardons before Trump left office; and why they stand to be back for one more rodeo as Trump runs for the White House again.

Tony Podesta, brother of the Democratic White House veteran John Podesta, is the keystone of the third lobbying dynasty examined by Brody and Luke Mullins, an “avant-garde political fixer [who] used his experience as a brass-knuckled liberal activist to advance the interests of Wall Street and Silicon Valley”.

The paths taken by Manafort and Podesta would eventually entwine. Out of the limelight, Manafort came to represent the interests of Ukraine’s anti-Nato Party of Regions and its head, Viktor Yanukovych. In 2012, seeking to stave off sanctions, Manafort enlisted Podesta to his cause.

“I used to call them the dynamic duo,” Rick Gates, Manafort’s convicted acolyte, tells the Mullins brothers.

The Wolves of K Street is also newsy, disclosing for the first time Manafort’s attempt to have Yanukovych congratulate Joe Biden in summer 2012.

“I am thinking of recommending a call from VY to Biden to congratulate Biden on his [re-]nomination” as vice-president to Barack Obama, Manafort emailed Gates, who forwarded the note to Podesta. The brother of Bill Clinton’s chief of staff cum Obama counselor approved.

“‘Only downside is [if] biden [sic] presses him personally on politics of criminal prosecutions of his political’ opponents, Podesta responded. ‘I would say worth the risk.’”


The Wolves of K Street ends on a weary note: “No matter what new obstacles have emerged, K Street has always managed to invent new ways to exercise its power over Washington,” the Mullins brothers conclude. “New fortunes to be made, new rules to be broken. New stories to be told.”

One might well reach for Ecclesiastes, son of David: “The thing that hath been, it is that which shall be; and that which is done is that which shall be done: and there is no new thing under the sun.”


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